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Throughout the 19th and early 20th centuries,
virgin timber—among it the celebrated great white pine—was harvested to supply to
supply lumber for shipbuilding, construction and coal mine props. Much of this
lumber was rafted down the West Branch to markets on or near the Chesapeake
Bay. Today, the West Branch flows through a northern hardwood forest of oak, cherry,
maple and remnants of white pine and hemlock forests of early settlers' times.
The West Branch of the Susquehanna is actually part of the main “North
Branch” of Susquehanna River which is the longest river on the East Coast of
the United States. At 444 miles long, it drains into the Atlantic Ocean via the
Chesapeake Bay and is the 16th largest river as well. The headwaters
start in Cooperstown, New York, and join the “West Branch” near Northumberland
in Central Pennsylvania.
Before European conquest, the Susquehannock, an Iroquoian tribe lived
along the river and gave the Susquehanna its name. In the 17th century, it was
inhabited largely by the Lenape. In the 18th century, William Penn, the founder
of the Pennsylvania Colony, negotiated with the Lenape to allow white
settlements in the colony between the Delaware River and the Susquehanna.
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Although there are mysteries surrounding the river and how its name originated,
there is one constant. The Susquehanna is the main life-sustaining river of the
state of Pennsylvania. Its waters allowed settlements to spring up along its
banks and businesses and farms to survive and thrive—and Pennsylvania to become
the 9th most densely populated of our fifty states.